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This site from the University of Tennessee provides an explanation of Newton's third law with text and drawings. Diagrams illustrate the force on an object and the reaction force that the object exerts. The page includes several problems on reaction forces and equilibrium.
This page is part of a web-based introductory physics course at the University of Tennessee.
For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). (6-8)
AAAS Benchmark Alignments (2008 Version)
4. The Physical Setting
4F. Motion
9-12: 4F/H4. Whenever one thing exerts a force on another, an equal amount of force is exerted back on it.
Breinig, M. (2010, June 1). University of Tennessee: Newton's 3rd Law Tutorial. Retrieved August 13, 2026, from http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys135/modules/m4/3rdLaw.htm
Breinig, Marianne. University of Tennessee: Newton's 3rd Law Tutorial. June 1, 2010. http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys135/modules/m4/3rdLaw.htm (accessed 13 August 2026).
Breinig, Marianne. University of Tennessee: Newton's 3rd Law Tutorial. 2003. 1 June 2010. 13 Aug. 2026 <http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys135/modules/m4/3rdLaw.htm>.
%A Marianne Breinig %T University of Tennessee: Newton's 3rd Law Tutorial %D June 1, 2010 %U http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys135/modules/m4/3rdLaw.htm %O text/html
%0 Electronic Source %A Breinig, Marianne %D June 1, 2010 %T University of Tennessee: Newton's 3rd Law Tutorial %V 2026 %N 13 August 2026 %8 June 1, 2010 %9 text/html %U http://labman.phys.utk.edu/phys135/modules/m4/3rdLaw.htm
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